This book gives a step-by-step procedure for CE marking of electrical and electronic equipment including risk
assessment. The book covers, in detail,
five important directives viz. low voltage directive (LVD),
electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) directive, medical devices directive (MDD),
radio equipment directive (RED) and the RoHS directive. It provides
insights into product design and test methodologies especially EMC and product
SAFETY so that the product meets the technical requirements of the applicable
standards. It also seeks to clarify the many doubts and misconceptions about CE marking.
The book begins with a chapter that introduces the reader
to the nuances of the CE marking process, the conformity assessment modules and to compile supporting documents that illustrate the
process.
This is followed by the chapter on product safety which describes the principles of safety as
found in the international IEC and European harmonized safety standards. It
provides ways and means to improve product design so as to ensure reasonable
compliance when a product is subject to safety evaluation by a test laboratory.
Then, there are two chapters dedicated to EMC. One explains
the EMC fundamentals,
standards and the test methodology while the other deals with EMC design.
The design chapter contains ways and means to incorporate EMC measures like line filters, shielding,
grounding and cable routing at
the design stage so that the product can comply with the EMC tests with a
minimum of iterations. The design means
discussed are very practical in nature and are given in such a way that the
design engineer can immediately incorporate them without worrying too much
about theory.
All the directives now-a-days require a detailed risk assessment to be carried out in addition to testing as per standards.
Thereafter the risk assessment needs to be documented so as to demonstrate how
the risks have been reduced/eliminated. The book deals with the risk assessment
in detail for all the directives under consideration.
And last but not the least, the CE marking
procedure is not complete unless the entire process is documented through the
so-called technical file or technical documentation. The last chapter explains the compilation of
technical documentation as required by the directives and the European
surveillance authorities.